Distance no R com dados ‘modelo’

Retirado do artigo Miller et al. (2019). Distance sampling in R. Journal of Statistical Sofware 89(1)

dados_completos |> 
  group_by(
    uc_name,
    ea_name
  ) |> 
  filter(day_effort == max(day_effort))  |> 
  drop_na(distance) |> 
  ungroup()

dados_completos |> 
  filter(
    uc_name == "Resex Tapajos-Arapiuns",
    sp_name == "Dasyprocta croconota"
  ) |> 
  datatable(filter = list(position = "top"))

Formatação do conjunto de dados

Variáveis necessárias para o data.frame:

• Region.Label: vetor fator com o estrato contendo o transecto (pode ser uma estratificação pré-amostragem - UCs - ou pós-amostragem - ex. região, estado, bioma)

• Area: vetor numérico contendo a área do estrato;

• Sample.Label: vetor númerico contendo a identidade (ID) do transecto

• object: nome adicional, ver seção 6;

• detected: nome adicional, ver seção 6;

• Effort: vetor númerico contendo o esforço do transecto (para linhas seu comprimento, para pontos o número de vezes que o ponto foi visitado)

• size: vetor numérico copntendo o tamanho do grupo observado;

• distance: vetor numérico de distâncias observadas;

• Month:

• OBs:

• Sp:

• mas:

• HAS:

• Study.Area:

Transectos que foram amostrados, mas que não tiveram observações (n = 0) devem ser incluídos no conjunto de dados com NA nas observações de distância e qualquer outra covariael para a qual não se tenha observação.

# cutia_tap_arap |> 
#   complete(Region.Label, Sample.Label, sp_name) |> 
#   datatable(filter = list(position = "top"))

Jogar a imputacao de NAs pra dentro da funcao carregar dados completos.

Determinando a distância para truncar os dados

# desenha o grafico com a distribuicao de distancias perpendiculares
cutia_tap_arap |> 
  filter(distance >= 1,
         distance <= 14) |> 
  plotar_distribuicao_distancia_interativo()

summary(cutia_tap_arap$distance)

   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
  0.000   1.550   6.000   7.187  10.000  50.000 

Ajustando funções de detecção no R

Cutias da Resex Tapajós-Arapiuns para diferentes distâncias de truncamento

Half-Normal sem termos de ajuste e com termos de ajuste Cosseno e Polinomial de Hermite

Ajustando um modelo ao dados das cutias Dasyprocta croconota, configurando uma distância limite de 20m e usando Half-normal como key function usando o argumento key, sem termo de ajuste.

# Key function - Half-normal 
cutia_tap_arap_hn <- purrr::map(
  dist_truncamento,
  \(.x) ajuste_modelos_distance_hn(
    cutia_tap_arap_filtrado, 
    truncamento = .x
  )
  )

Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 4346.405
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 4346.405
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 4338.754
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4328.058
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4322.361
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4,5) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4316.235
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4,5,6) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4361.776

Half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4,5) adjustments selected.
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 4346.405
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
AIC= 4331.217
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4,6) adjustments
AIC= 4333.267

Half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments selected.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 3893.364
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 3893.364
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
Warning: Detection function is not weakly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is greater than 1 at some distancesWarning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Half-normal key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 3893.364
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 3895.364

Half-normal key function selected.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 3262.461
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 3262.461
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
Warning: Detection function is not weakly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is greater than 1 at some distancesWarning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Half-normal key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 3262.461
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
AIC= 3264.461

Half-normal key function selected.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 1803.913
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 1803.913
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
Warning: Detection function is not weakly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is greater than 1 at some distancesWarning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Half-normal key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 1803.913
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 1899.845

Half-normal key function selected.

cutia_tap_arap_hn

$`20 metros`
$`20 metros`$`Sem termo`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 2310.909 

$`20 metros`$Cosseno

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function with cosine adjustment terms of order 2,3,4,5 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 3280.45 

$`20 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 2310.909 


$`15 metros`
$`15 metros`$`Sem termo`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 1767.642 

$`15 metros`$Cosseno

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function with cosine adjustment terms of order 2,3 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 2320.64 

$`15 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 1767.642 


$`10 metros`
$`10 metros`$`Sem termo`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 1154.866 

$`10 metros`$Cosseno

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function with cosine adjustment terms of order 2,3,4 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 2010.188 

$`10 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 1154.866 


$`5 metros`
$`5 metros`$`Sem termo`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 806.2075 

$`5 metros`$Cosseno

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function with cosine adjustment terms of order 2,3,4,5 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 1892.596 

$`5 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 806.2075 

Hazard-Rate sem termos de ajuste e com termos de ajuste Cosseno e Polinomial de Hermite

Ajustando um modelo ao dados da cutia Dasyprocta croconota, configurando uma distância limite de 20m e usando Hazard rate como key function usando o argumento key.

# ajustando a função de detecção para uma distancia de truncamento de 20, 15, 10 e 5 metros
# Key function - Hazard-rate
cutia_tap_arap_hr <- purrr::map(
  dist_truncamento,
  \(.x) ajuste_modelos_distance_hr(
    cutia_tap_arap_filtrado, 
    truncamento = .x
  )
  )

Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 4302.674
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 4302.674
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 4304.745

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 4302.674
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
AIC= 4304.726

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 3892.732
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 3892.732
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
Warning: Detection function is not weakly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is greater than 1 at some distancesWarning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 3892.732
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 3897.364

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 3262.081
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 3262.081
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
Warning: Detection function is not weakly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is greater than 1 at some distancesWarning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 3262.081
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 3266.461

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 1804.357
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 1804.357
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
Warning: Detection function is not weakly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is greater than 1 at some distancesWarning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 1804.357
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 1807.913

Hazard-rate key function selected.

Uniform sem termos de ajuste e com termos de ajuste Cosseno e Polinomial de Hermite

Ajustando um modelo ao dados das cutias Dasyprocta croconota, configurando uma distância limite de 20m e usando Uniform como key function usando o argumento key, sem termo de ajuste.

# ajustando a função de detecção para uma distancia de truncamento de 20, 15, 10 e 5 metros
# Key function - Uniform
cutia_tap_arap_unif <- purrr::map(
  dist_truncamento,
  \(.x) ajuste_modelos_distance_unif(
    cutia_tap_arap, 
    truncamento = .x
  )
)

Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 5995.938
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments
AIC= 5796.939
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2) adjustments
AIC= 5796.796
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5729.113
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5729.808

Uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3) adjustments selected.
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 5995.938
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments
AIC= 5799.151
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4) adjustments
AIC= 5796.184
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6) adjustments
AIC= 5791.29
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8) adjustments
AIC= 5788.217
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8,10) adjustments
AIC= 5783.105
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 5432.006
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments
AIC= 5340.635
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5319.03
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5282.176
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5271.725
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4,5) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5213.714
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 5432.006
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments
AIC= 5366.091
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5346.537
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5338.476
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5332.686
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8,10) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5326.193
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 4688.063
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments
AIC= 4647.342
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4617.841
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4579.748
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4551.3
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4,5) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4523.924
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 4688.063
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments
AIC= 4680.313
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4651.715
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4637.792
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4631.554
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8,10) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4622.947
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 3008.377
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments
AIC= 2949.701
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 2910.157
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3) adjustments
AIC= 2845.858
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 2801.709
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4,5) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 2744.89
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 3008.377
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments
AIC= 2981.459
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 2956.964
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 2942.061
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 2929.72
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8,10) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 2917.584
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!

Seleção de modelos

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_tap_arap_hn$`14 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_tap_arap_hn$`14 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_tap_arap_hn$`14 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`14 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`14 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`14 metros`$`Polinomial simples`,
cutia_tap_arap_unif$`14 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_tap_arap_unif$`14 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_tap_arap_hn$`12 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_tap_arap_hn$`12 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_tap_arap_hn$`12 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`12 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`12 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`12 metros`$`Polinomial simples`,
cutia_tap_arap_unif$`12 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_tap_arap_unif$`12 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_tap_arap_hn$`10 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_tap_arap_hn$`10 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_tap_arap_hn$`10 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`10 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`10 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`10 metros`$`Polinomial simples`,
cutia_tap_arap_unif$`10 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_tap_arap_unif$`10 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_tap_arap_hn$`7 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_tap_arap_hn$`7 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_tap_arap_hn$`7 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`7 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`7 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_tap_arap_hr$`7 metros`$`Polinomial simples`,
cutia_tap_arap_unif$`7 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_tap_arap_unif$`7 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

Resumir o resultado dos modelos

O que tem que ter?

Os gráficos (probabilidade de detecção pela distância, com a curva ajustada, exemplo abaixo, fazer no ggplot), resultado do goodness of fit (gof_ds()), cada modelo vai ter que ter um nome diferente numa tabela(?)

plot(cutia_tap_arap_hn, breaks = seq(0, 20, 2.5))

plot(cutia_tap_arap_hn_herm, breaks = seq(0, 20, 2.5))

plot(cutia_tap_arap_hn_cos, breaks = seq(0, 20, 2.5))

plot(cutia_tap_arap_hr, breaks = seq(0, 20, 2.5))

plot(cutia_tap_arap_hr_poly, breaks = seq(0, 20, 2.5))

plot(cutia_tap_arap_hr_cos, breaks = seq(0, 20, 2.5))

Checagem e seleção de modelos

Podemos usar a função summary para obter informações importantes sobre o modelo.

lista_modelos <- list(
  cutia_tap_arap_hn,
  cutia_tap_arap_hn_herm,
  cutia_tap_arap_hn_cos,
  cutia_tap_arap_hr,
  cutia_tap_arap_hr_poly,
  cutia_tap_arap_hr_cos
)

purrr::map(lista_modelos, \(x) summary(x))

[[1]]

Summary for distance analysis 
Number of observations :  1277 
Distance range         :  0  -  20 

Model : Half-normal key function 
AIC   : 7212.428 

Detection function parameters
Scale coefficient(s):  

NA

Summary statistics:

Density:

[[2]]

Summary for distance analysis 
Number of observations :  1277 
Distance range         :  0  -  20 

Model : Half-normal key function 
AIC   : 7212.428 

Detection function parameters
Scale coefficient(s):  

NA

Summary statistics:

Density:

[[3]]

Summary for distance analysis 
Number of observations :  1277 
Distance range         :  0  -  20 

Model : Half-normal key function with cosine adjustment terms of order 2,3,4,5 

Strict monotonicity constraints were enforced.
AIC   : 7130.51 

Detection function parameters
Scale coefficient(s):  

Adjustment term coefficient(s):  

NA

Summary statistics:

Density:

[[4]]

Summary for distance analysis 
Number of observations :  1277 
Distance range         :  0  -  20 

Model : Hazard-rate key function 
AIC   : 6888.167 

Detection function parameters
Scale coefficient(s):  

Shape coefficient(s):  

NA

Summary statistics:

Density:

[[5]]

Summary for distance analysis 
Number of observations :  1277 
Distance range         :  0  -  20 

Model : Hazard-rate key function 
AIC   : 6888.167 

Detection function parameters
Scale coefficient(s):  

Shape coefficient(s):  

NA

Summary statistics:

Density:

[[6]]

Summary for distance analysis 
Number of observations :  1277 
Distance range         :  0  -  20 

Model : Hazard-rate key function 
AIC   : 6888.167 

Detection function parameters
Scale coefficient(s):  

Shape coefficient(s):  

NA

Summary statistics:

Density:

NA

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_tap_arap_hn,
  cutia_tap_arap_hn_herm,
  cutia_tap_arap_hn_cos,
  cutia_tap_arap_hr,
  cutia_tap_arap_hr_poly,
  cutia_tap_arap_hr_cos
)

O resultado inclui detalhes sobre o dado e a especificação do modelo, assim como dos coeficientes (\(\beta_{j}\)) e sua inceteza, a média do valor de detectabilidade e sua incerteza e uma estimativa da abundância na área coberta pela amostragem (sem levar em consideração o tamanho dos agrupamentos, ou bandos).

Bondade de ajuste

Para visualizar quão bem a função de detecção se ajusta aos dados quanto temos as distâncias exatas podemos usar um plot de quantis empíricos x teóricos (Q-Q plot). Ele compara a função de distribuição cumulativa (CDF) dos valores ajustados da função detecção a distribuição empírica dos dados (EDF).

Também podemos usar o teste de Cramér-von Mises para testar se os pontos da EDF e da CDF tem origem na mesma distribuição. O teste usa a soma de todas as distâncias entre um ponto e a linha y = x para formar a estatística a ser testada. Um resultado significativo fornece evidência contra a hiipótese nula, sugerindo que o modelo não se ajusta bem aos dados.

# ajustando um modelo Half-normal
cutia_hn <- ds(data = cutia_tap_arap_15,
                 truncation = 20,
                 transect = "line",
                 key = "hn", 
                 adjustment = NULL)

# conduzindo o teste dfe bondadede ajuste de Cramer-von Mises
gof_ds(cutia_hn)

gof_ds(cutia_hr_time)

O resutlado do teste aponta que o modelo Half-normal deve ser descartado.

Testes de bondade de ajuste de chi-quadrado são gerados usando a função gof_ds quando as distâncias forneceidas estão categorizadas.

Seleção de Modelos

Uma vez que temos um conjunto de modelos plausíveis, podemos utilizar o cirtériode informaçãode Akaike (AIC) para selecionar entre os modelos o que melhor se ajusta aos dados utilizando a função summarize_ds_models.

# ajustando a função de detecção para uma distancia de truncamento de 20 metros
# Key function - Half-normal 
cutia_tap_arap_hn_herm <- cutia_tap_arap |> 
  ds(
    truncation = 10,
    key = "hn",
    adjustment = "herm"
  )

Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 4676.418
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
AIC= 4677.111

Half-normal key function selected.

O melhor modelo é o Hazard-rate com tempo de senso e tamanho do grupo como covariáveis.

Estimando a abundância e a variância

Estimando abundância e variância no R

Para obter a abundância na região de estudo, primeiro calculamos a abundância na área amostrada para obter \(N_c\) e em seguida escalonamos esse valor para toda a área de estudo multiplicando \(N_c\) pela razão entre a área amostrada e a área da região. Para estimar a abundância na área amostrada, utilizamos as estimativas de probabilidade de detecção no estimador de Horvitz-Thompson.

Quando fornecemos os dados no formato correto (“flatfile”) ds irá automaticamente calcular as estimativas de abundância baseado nas informações de amostragem presenta nos dados.

# ajustando a função de detecção para uma distancia de truncamento de 20 metros
# Key function - Half-normal 
cutia_tap_arap_hn_cos <- cutia_tap_arap |> 
  ds(
    truncation = 10,
    key = "hn"
    )

Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 4676.418
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 4616.112
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4606.713
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4538.956
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4,5) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 6262.112

Half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4) adjustments selected.
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!

1. Summary statistics: fornece as áreas, aŕea de amostragem, esforço, número de observações, número de transectos, taxa de encontro, seus erros padrões e coeficientes de variação para cada estrato;

2. Abundance: fornece estimativas, erros padrões, coeficientesde variação, intervalos de confiança inferior e superior, graus de liberdade para a estimativa de abundância de cada estrato;

3. Densidade: lista as mesmas estatísticas de Abundance, só que para densidade.

Funções Exploratórias Adicionais

contar_n_repeticoes_trilha() - conta o número de vezes que cada trilha foi visitada

Adicionando covariavel

Ajuste Hermite pollynomial usa od código "herm" e polinomial simples "poly".

Podemos incluir covariáveis utilizando o argumento formula = ~ .... Abaixo, está especificado um modelo “Hazard-rate” para os dados de cutia q ue inclui o tempo de senso como covariável e uma distância limite de 20m.

cutia_hr_time <- cutia_tap_arap_15 |> 
  ds(truncation = 20,
     key = "hr",
     formula = ~ cense_time)

Adicionando uma segunda covariável: tamanho do grupo.

cutia_hr_time_size <- ds(data = cutia_tap_arap_15,
                     truncation = 20,
                     transect = "line",
                     key = "hr",
                     formula = ~ cense_time + size)

plot(cutia_hr_time)
plot(cutia_hr_time_size)

Cutias da ESEC Terra do Meio para diferentes distâncias de truncamento

# desenha o grafico com a distribuicao de distancias perpendiculares
cutia_esec_terra_meio |> 
  filter(distance >= 1,
         distance < 15) |> 
  plotar_distribuicao_distancia_interativo(largura_caixa = 1)

Warning: Continuous y aesthetic
ℹ did you forget `aes(group = ...)`?

Half-Normal sem termos de ajuste e com termos de ajuste Cosseno e Polinomial de Hermite

Ajustando um modelo ao dados das cutias Dasyprocta croconota, configurando uma distância limite de 20m e usando Half-normal como key function usando o argumento key, sem termo de ajuste.

cutia_esec_terra_meio_filtrado

cutia_esec_terra_meio_filtrado <- cutia_esec_terra_meio |> 
  filter(distance >= 1,
         distance < 15)
# ajustando a função de detecção para uma distancia de truncamento de 20, 15, 10 e 5 metros
# dsitancias de truncamento
dist_truncamento <- list(
  #`20 metros` = 20, 
  `15 metros` = 15, 
  `12 metros` = 12,
  `10 metros` = 10
)

# Key function - Half-normal 
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn <- purrr::map(
  dist_truncamento,
  \(.x) ajuste_modelos_distance_hn(
    cutia_esec_terra_meio_filtrado, 
    truncamento = .x
  )
  )

Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 937.833
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 937.833
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 936.52
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 933.054
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 932.305
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4,5) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 947.384

Half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4) adjustments selected.
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 937.833
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
AIC= 938.647

Half-normal key function selected.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 807.11
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 807.11
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
Warning: Detection function is not weakly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is greater than 1 at some distancesWarning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Half-normal key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 807.11
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 809.11

Half-normal key function selected.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 632.908
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 632.908
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
Warning: Detection function is not weakly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is greater than 1 at some distancesWarning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Half-normal key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 632.908
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
AIC= 634.908

Half-normal key function selected.

cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn

Hazard-Rate sem termos de ajuste e com termos de ajuste Cosseno e Polinomial de Hermite

Ajustando um modelo ao dados da cutia Dasyprocta croconota, configurando uma distância limite de 20m e usando Hazard rate como key function usando o argumento key.

# ajustando a função de detecção para uma distancia de truncamento de 20, 15, 10 e 5 metros
# Key function - Hazard-rate
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr <- purrr::map(
  dist_truncamento,
  \(.x) ajuste_modelos_distance_hr(
    cutia_esec_terra_meio_filtrado, 
    truncamento = .x
  )
  )

Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 925.724
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 925.724
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 927.806

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 925.724
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
AIC= 927.806

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 808.565
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 808.565
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
Warning: Detection function is not weakly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is greater than 1 at some distancesWarning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 808.565
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 811.11

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 634.448
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 634.448
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 636.958

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 634.448
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
Warning: First partial hessian is singular; using second-partial hessian
AIC= 636.908

Hazard-rate key function selected.

Uniform sem termos de ajuste e com termos de ajuste Cosseno e Polinomial de Hermite

Ajustando um modelo ao dados das cutias Dasyprocta croconota, configurando uma distância limite de 20m e usando Uniform como key function usando o argumento key, sem termo de ajuste.

# ajustando a função de detecção para uma distancia de truncamento de 20, 15, 10 e 5 metros
# Key function - Uniform
cutia_esec_terra_meio_unif <- purrr::map(
  dist_truncamento,
  \(.x) ajuste_modelos_distance_unif(
    cutia_tap_arap, 
    truncamento = .x
  )
  )

Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 6477.656
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments
AIC= 6288.798
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2) adjustments
AIC= 6280.568
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 6248.532
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 6238.947
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4,5) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 6210.006
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 6477.656
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments
AIC= 6345.058
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 6290.986
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 6288.551
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 6288.125
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8,10) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 6284.527
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 5432.006
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments
AIC= 5340.635
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5319.03
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5282.176
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5271.725
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4,5) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5213.714
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 5432.006
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments
AIC= 5366.091
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5346.537
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5338.476
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5332.686
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8,10) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 5326.193
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 4688.063
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments
AIC= 4647.342
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4617.841
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4579.748
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4551.3
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4,5) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4523.924
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 4688.063
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments
AIC= 4680.313
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4651.715
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4637.792
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4631.554
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8,10) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 4622.947
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!

Seleção de modelos

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`20 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`20 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`20 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`20 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`20 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`20 metros`$`Polinomial simples`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_unif$`20 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_unif$`20 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

Warning: argumento não é numérico nem lógico: retornando NAWarning: argumento não é numérico nem lógico: retornando NAError in !binned : argumento de tipo inválido

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`15 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`15 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`15 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`15 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`15 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`15 metros`$`Polinomial simples`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_unif$`15 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_unif$`15 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`10 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`10 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`10 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`10 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`10 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`10 metros`$`Polinomial simples`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_unif$`10 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_unif$`10 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`12 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`12 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`12 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`12 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`12 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`12 metros`$`Polinomial simples`,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_unif$`12 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_esec_terra_meio_unif$`12 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

Cutias da Parna da Serra do Pardo para diferentes distâncias de truncamento

cutia_parna_serra_pardo <- transformar_para_distanceR_covariaveis() |> 
  filter(
    Region.Label == "Parna da Serra do Pardo",
    sp_name == "Dasyprocta croconota"
  ) |> 
  drop_na(distance)
  

# desenha o grafico com a distribuicao de distancias perpendiculares
cutia_parna_serra_pardo |> 
  filter(distance < 15,
         distance > 0) |> 
  plotar_distribuicao_distancia_interativo()

Warning: Continuous y aesthetic
ℹ did you forget `aes(group = ...)`?

Half-Normal sem termos de ajuste e com termos de ajuste Cosseno e Polinomial de Hermite

Ajustando um modelo ao dados das cutias Dasyprocta croconota, configurando uma distância limite de 20m e usando Half-normal como key function usando o argumento key, sem termo de ajuste.

# ajustando a função de detecção para uma distancia de truncamento de 20, 15, 10 e 5 metros
# dsitancias de truncamento
dist_truncamento <- list(
  `20 metros` = 20, 
  `15 metros` = 15, 
  `10 metros` = 10,
  `5 metros` = 5
)

# Key function - Half-normal 
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn <- purrr::map(
  dist_truncamento,
  \(.x) ajuste_modelos_distance_hn(
    cutia_parna_serra_pardo, 
    truncamento = .x
  )
  )

Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 1400.725
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 1400.725
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 1402.141

Half-normal key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 1400.725
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
AIC= 1402.044

Half-normal key function selected.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 1315.127
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 1315.127
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 1315.224

Half-normal key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 1315.127
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
AIC= 1317.126

Half-normal key function selected.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 943.522
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 943.522
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 934.647
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 934.508
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 947.489

Half-normal key function with cosine(2,3) adjustments selected.
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 943.522
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
AIC= 945.333

Half-normal key function selected.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 397.926
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 397.926
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 370.676
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 366.578
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 837.783

Half-normal key function with cosine(2,3) adjustments selected.
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 397.926
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
AIC= 399.683

Half-normal key function selected.

cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn

$`20 metros`
$`20 metros`$`Sem termo`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 519.0546 

$`20 metros`$Cosseno

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 519.0546 

$`20 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 519.0546 


$`15 metros`
$`15 metros`$`Sem termo`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 368.4514 

$`15 metros`$Cosseno

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 368.4514 

$`15 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 368.4514 


$`10 metros`
$`10 metros`$`Sem termo`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 231.447 

$`10 metros`$Cosseno

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function with cosine adjustment terms of order 2,3 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 319.3262 

$`10 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 231.447 


$`5 metros`
$`5 metros`$`Sem termo`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 147.5382 

$`5 metros`$Cosseno

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function with cosine adjustment terms of order 2,3 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 264.7876 

$`5 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`

Distance sampling analysis object

Detection function:
 Half-normal key function 

Estimated abundance in covered region: 147.5382 

Hazard-Rate sem termos de ajuste e com termos de ajuste Cosseno e Polinomial de Hermite

Ajustando um modelo ao dados da cutia Dasyprocta croconota, configurando uma distância limite de 20m e usando Hazard rate como key function usando o argumento key.

# ajustando a função de detecção para uma distancia de truncamento de 20, 15, 10 e 5 metros
# Key function - Hazard-rate
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr <- purrr::map(
  dist_truncamento,
  \(.x) ajuste_modelos_distance_hr(
    cutia_parna_serra_pardo, 
    truncamento = .x
  )
  )

Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 1402.11
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 1402.11
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 1396.291
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 1393.787
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not weakly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Warning: Detection function is greater than 1 at some distancesWarning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function with cosine(2,3) adjustments selected.
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 1402.11
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
AIC= 1408.986

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).AIC= 1252.293
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).AIC= 1252.293
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Warning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).AIC= 1252.293
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Warning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).AIC= 821.762
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).AIC= 821.762
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Warning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).AIC= 821.762
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Warning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 76.172
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 76.172
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Warning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
AIC= 76.172
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Warning: Model fitting did not converge. Try different initial values or different model
  Model failed to converge.

Hazard-rate key function selected.

Uniform sem termos de ajuste e com termos de ajuste Cosseno e Polinomial de Hermite

Ajustando um modelo ao dados das cutias Dasyprocta croconota, configurando uma distância limite de 20m e usando Uniform como key function usando o argumento key, sem termo de ajuste.

# ajustando a função de detecção para uma distancia de truncamento de 20, 15, 10 e 5 metros
# Key function - Uniform
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_unif <- purrr::map(
  dist_truncamento,
  \(.x) ajuste_modelos_distance_unif(
    cutia_parna_serra_pardo, 
    truncamento = .x
  )
)

Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 1527.823
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments
AIC= 1397.715
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2) adjustments
AIC= 1399.656

Uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 1527.823
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments
AIC= 1430.868
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4) adjustments
AIC= 1400.747
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 1399.677
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6,8) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 1401.389

Uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4,6) adjustments selected.
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 1348.609
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments
AIC= 1316.18
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2) adjustments
AIC= 1318.11

Uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 1348.609
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments
AIC= 1316.568
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2,4) adjustments
AIC= 1317.168

Uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 944.06
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1) adjustments
AIC= 939.555
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 936.452
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 931.427
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 928.341
Fitting uniform key function with cosine(1,2,3,4,5) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 923.816
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting uniform key function
AIC= 944.06
Fitting uniform key function with simple polynomial(2) adjustments
AIC= 944.093

Uniform key function selected.

Error in `purrr::map()`:
ℹ In index: 3.
ℹ With name: 10 metros.
Caused by error in `purrr::map()`:
ℹ In index: 2.
ℹ With name: Polinomial simples.
Caused by error in `t.default()`:
! argumento não é uma matriz
Backtrace:
  1. purrr::map(...)
  2. purrr:::map_("list", .x, .f, ..., .progress = .progress)
  6. global .f(.x[[i]], ...)
  7. global ajuste_modelos_distance_unif(cutia_parna_serra_pardo, truncamento = .x)
  8. purrr::map(...)
  9. purrr:::map_("list", .x, .f, ..., .progress = .progress)
 13. .f(.x[[i]], ...)
 14. Distance::ds(...)
 15. mrds::dht(...)
 18. base::t.default(clusters$vc$detection$partial)

Seleção de modelos

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`20 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`20 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`20 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`20 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`20 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`20 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`15 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`15 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`15 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`15 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`15 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`15 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`10 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`10 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`10 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`10 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`10 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`10 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

summarize_ds_models(
  cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`5 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`5 metros`$Cosseno,
  cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hn$`5 metros`$`Hermite polinomial`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`5 metros`$`Sem termo`,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`5 metros`$Cosseno,
cutia_parna_serra_pardo_hr$`5 metros`$`Polinomial simples`
)

Tentativa de fazer a seleçã ode modelos usando purrr - tentar aninhar mais um map

purrr::map_df(
  list(
    cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`20 metros`,
    cutia_esec_terra_meio_hr$`20 metros`
  ),
  \(.x) purrr::map_df(.x, \(.y) summarize_ds_models(.y))
)

purrr::map_df(
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`15 metros`,
  \(.x) summarize_ds_models(.x)
)

purrr::map_df(
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`10 metros`,
  \(.x) summarize_ds_models(.x)
)

purrr::map_df(
  cutia_esec_terra_meio_hn$`5 metros`,
  \(.x) summarize_ds_models(.x)
)

Primeira espécie modelo

Saguinus midas no Parna Montanhas do Tumucumaque

Carregar dados

sagui_mont_tumuc <- transformar_para_distanceR_covariaveis() |> 
  filter(
    Region.Label == "Parna Montanhas do Tumucumaque",
    sp_name == "Saguinus midas"
  ) |> 
  drop_na(distance)

Distribuição das distâncias perpendiculares

sagui_mont_tumuc |> 
  plotar_distribuicao_distancia_interativo()

Warning: Continuous y aesthetic
ℹ did you forget `aes(group = ...)`?

Ajustando modelo distance com função de detecção Half-Normal e distancia de truncamento 10

sagui_mont_tumuc_hn <- sagui_mont_tumuc |> 
  ajuste_modelos_distance_hn(truncamento = 10)

Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 353.849
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 353.849
Fitting half-normal key function with cosine(2) adjustments
AIC= 354.52

Half-normal key function selected.
Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting half-normal key function
AIC= 353.849
Fitting half-normal key function with Hermite(4) adjustments
AIC= 355.818

Half-normal key function selected.

Ajustando modelo distance com função de detecção Hazard-rate e distancia de truncamento 10

sagui_mont_tumuc_hr <- sagui_mont_tumuc |> 
  ajuste_modelos_distance_hr(truncamento = 10)

Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).AIC= 355.417
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).AIC= 355.417
Fitting hazard-rate key function with cosine(2) adjustments
Warning: Detection function is not strictly monotonic!AIC= 356.358

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).Starting AIC adjustment term selection.
Fitting hazard-rate key function
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).AIC= 355.417
Fitting hazard-rate key function with simple polynomial(4) adjustments
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).AIC= 360.38

Hazard-rate key function selected.
Warning: Estimated hazard-rate scale parameter close to 0 (on log scale). Possible problem in data (e.g., spike near zero distance).

Plot dos modelos

sagui_mont_tumuc_hn |> 
  purrr::map(\(.x) plot(.x)) 

$`Sem termo`
NULL

$Cosseno
NULL

$`Hermite polinomial`
NULL

sagui_mont_tumuc_hr |> 
  purrr::map(\(.x) plot(.x)) 

$`Sem termo`
NULL

$Cosseno
NULL

$`Polinomial simples`
NULL

Seleção de modelos

summarize_ds_models(
  sagui_mont_tumuc_hn$`Sem termo`,
  sagui_mont_tumuc_hn$Cosseno,
  sagui_mont_tumuc_hn$`Hermite polinomial`,
  sagui_mont_tumuc_hr$`Sem termo`,
  sagui_mont_tumuc_hr$Cosseno,
  sagui_mont_tumuc_hr$`Polinomial simples`
)

Teste de bondade de ajuste

sagui_mont_tumuc_hn |> 
  purrr::map(\(.x) gof_ds(model = .x))

$`Sem termo`

Goodness of fit results for ddf object

Distance sampling Cramer-von Mises test (unweighted)
Test statistic = 0.301163 p-value = 0.134156

$Cosseno

Goodness of fit results for ddf object

Distance sampling Cramer-von Mises test (unweighted)
Test statistic = 0.301163 p-value = 0.134156

$`Hermite polinomial`

Goodness of fit results for ddf object

Distance sampling Cramer-von Mises test (unweighted)
Test statistic = 0.301163 p-value = 0.134156

sagui_mont_tumuc_hr |> 
  purrr::map(\(.x) gof_ds(model = .x))

$`Sem termo`

Goodness of fit results for ddf object

Distance sampling Cramer-von Mises test (unweighted)
Test statistic = 0.288212 p-value = 0.145969

$Cosseno

Goodness of fit results for ddf object

Distance sampling Cramer-von Mises test (unweighted)
Test statistic = 0.288212 p-value = 0.145969

$`Polinomial simples`

Goodness of fit results for ddf object

Distance sampling Cramer-von Mises test (unweighted)
Test statistic = 0.288212 p-value = 0.145969

Estimando a abundancia

(125.8 + 67.6 + 240.8)/4e+07

[1] 1.0855e-05

Tentativa de rodar o dsitance para mais de uma espécie ao de uma só vez

dados_entre_60_130_aninhado_especie <- dados_entre_60_130 |> 
  nest(sp_name)